The decision to spay or neuter your dog can be a difficult one. There are so many considerations when making this decision but most pet owners can agree that if it will make your dogs life longer then its no longer a difficult decision. Our Thornton vets are here to talk about whether that is the case.
Deciding whether to neuter your furry best friend is one of the biggest choices you’ll make as a pet parent. If you’re worried that snipping your pup might cut their years short, you’re not alone. I’ve spent countless hours researching this topic for my own dogs, and what I’ve discovered might surprise you.
The Short Answer: Neutering Actually Increases Lifespan
Contrary to some persistent myths, neutered dogs typically live longer than intact dogs. Research has shown that neutered pets can live up to 20% longer than their non-neutered counterparts But like most things in life, it’s not quite that simple
Why Neutered Dogs Often Live Longer
There are several key reasons why neutered dogs tend to enjoy more birthdays:
1. Reduced Risk of Serious Diseases
Neutering eliminates or significantly reduces the risk of several potentially fatal conditions
- Testicular cancer – Completely eliminated
- Prostate issues – About 50% of intact male dogs experience prostate-related changes by 4 years of age
- Pyometra – A life-threatening uterine infection affecting approximately 25% of intact females
- Mammary tumors – About 50% of these tumors are malignant
2. Behavioral Improvements
Neutered dogs often exhibit fewer risky behaviors that can lead to premature death:
- Less likely to wander in search of mates (reducing risk of traffic accidents)
- Decreased aggression in some dogs
- Less territorial marking
- More even-tempered overall
3. Better Quality of Life in Senior Years
Many veterinarians observe that neutered dogs tend to maintain a better quality of life in their golden years, potentially due to reduced hormonal stress on their bodies over time.
Potential Downsides to Consider
While the overall picture points to increased lifespan, there are some considerations that might impact certain dogs:
1. Breed-Specific Concerns
Some large breed dogs might have specific considerations:
- Breeds prone to osteosarcoma (like Rottweilers) may benefit from delaying neutering until after 12 months
- Certain large breeds may have slightly increased risks of specific orthopedic issues if neutered very early
2. Weight Management Challenges
Neutered dogs need approximately 20% less calories than intact dogs. This metabolic change requires vigilant diet management to prevent:
- Obesity – A significant health risk that can reduce lifespan
- Joint problems exacerbated by excess weight
3. Rare Post-Surgical Complications
As with any surgery, neutering carries some risks
- Bleeding
- Infection
- Anesthesia reactions (though these are quite rare with modern veterinary practices)
Optimal Timing for Neutering
The best age to neuter depends on several factors:
| Dog Size/Type | Recommended Neutering Age |
|---|---|
| Small-Medium Breeds | 6-9 months |
| Large Breeds | 9-15 months |
| Giant Breeds | 12-18 months |
| Breeds prone to osteosarcoma | After 12 months |
Most veterinarians recommend neutering males at 7-9 months and females at 6 months (before first heat), but this varies by breed. Always consult with your vet for personalized advice.
What Actually Happens During Neutering
Understanding the procedure might ease your concerns:
- Males (Castration): Removal of testicles through a small incision. This is a relatively minor surgery.
- Females (Spaying): More invasive procedure requiring abdominal entry to remove ovaries and usually the uterus.
Post-operative care typically involves:
- 10-14 days of restricted activity
- Protecting the surgical site from licking
- Leash walks only during recovery
- Suture removal after about two weeks
The Real-World Benefits I’ve Observed
In my experience with multiple dogs, I’ve noticed that my neutered pups have been:
- Calmer and less stressed
- Less likely to bolt after neighborhood smells
- Generally healthier in their senior years
One of my dogs, Max, was neutered at 8 months and lived to the ripe old age of 16 – well beyond the average for his breed! Was it luck or the neutering? I can’t say for sure, but the research suggests the latter played a role.
Common Myths About Neutering
Let’s bust some persistent misconceptions:
Myth #1: “Neutering changes a dog’s personality”
Reality: Neutering doesn’t change your dog’s fundamental personality or character. It may reduce certain hormone-driven behaviors, but your dog will still be the same lovable pet.
Myth #2: “Dogs should have at least one litter before spaying”
Reality: There’s no health benefit to allowing a female dog to have puppies before spaying. In fact, spaying before the first heat cycle maximally reduces mammary cancer risk.
Myth #3: “Neutering makes dogs lazy”
Reality: While metabolism changes, appropriate diet and exercise will keep your neutered dog active and fit.
When Neutering Might Not Be Right
Despite the overall benefits, there are scenarios where neutering might not be the best choice:
- Dogs with certain rare endocrine disorders
- Dogs specifically intended for responsible breeding programs
- Very elderly dogs who might not tolerate surgery well
Making Your Decision
When deciding whether to neuter your dog, consider:
- Your dog’s specific breed and associated health risks
- Your lifestyle and ability to prevent unwanted pregnancies
- Your dog’s behavior and whether hormones might be contributing to problems
- Consultation with your veterinarian about your specific dog’s needs
The evidence strongly suggests that in most cases, neutered dogs live longer, healthier lives than intact dogs. The reduction in serious disease risk combined with behavioral benefits creates a protective effect that can add years to your dog’s life.
As veterinary experts Austad and Hoffman note, “spayed and neutered pets live longer, healthier, happier lives because they have fewer behavioral issues and they are less susceptible to infections, degenerative diseases, and traumatic/violent causes of death.”
For most pet parents, the decision to neuter represents a responsible choice that benefits both the individual dog and the broader canine population by preventing unwanted litters.
Remember that every dog is unique, and what works for one might not be ideal for another. The best approach is always to discuss your specific situation with your trusted veterinarian, who can help guide your decision based on your dog’s individual health profile and needs.
Have you noticed differences in lifespan between your neutered and intact dogs? I’d love to hear your experiences in the comments below!
Will my dog live longer?
On average dogs who are spayed or neutered live one and a half years longer than those who are not. Typically, dogs who are not fixed live to be about 8 years of age, where fixed dogs average about nine and a half years.
There is a bit more to this though. Dogs who are fixed are more likely to die from different forms of cancer, while unfixed dogs are more likely to die from infection or trauma.
An unneutered male is more likely to roam or display aggressive behavior leading to more instances of trauma and infection, similarly, female dogs show more dominant behavior also making them more likely to have trauma leading to infection.
What are the benefits?
There are a number of benefits both in terms of health and behavior when it comes to getting your pooch spayed or neutered.
Having your male dog neutered will protect your dog from developing testicular cancer and can also help reduce unwanted behaviors such as aggression, straying and humping.
Getting your female dog spayed can help to prevent serious health problems such as pyometra, (a potentially life-threatening uterine infection), and mammary cancer.
The Behavior Changes in Neutered Dogs?! | Vet simply Explains
FAQ
Do neutered dogs live longer?
AnimalWised reveals that, although researchers have long thought sterilization might extend a dog’s life, it is only relatively recently that science can confirm neutered dogs do indeed live longer. You may also be interested in: How Long Do Budgerigars Live For? How long do neutered dogs live? Why
Are neutered dogs more likely to die?
It was found that neutered dogs were more likely to die from cancer or autoimmune disease. Those which are not were more likely to die from either infectious diseases or trauma. This may, in part, explain the difference in life expectancy between the two groups.
Should you neuter a dog?
Over the past 20 years, the scientific literature has shown that the decision if, and when, to neuter a dog is not so straightforward. The AKC Canine Health Foundation (CHF) and its donors have invested in research to explore the effects that neutering can have on dogs’ health.
Does neutering affect a dog’s health?
Data analysis is ongoing but results thus far demonstrate that the effects of neutering vary depending on exactly when a dog is neutered, whether the dog is male or female, and the breed or size of dog.
What are the benefits of neutering a male dog?
Neutering male dogs: the process of castration means the male dog’s testicles are removed completely. This not only prevents the dog from producing sperm, but it also stops male hormone production. The result is that the dog will reduce hormone related behaviors such as pursuing a female mate, aggression and potential escape.
Does neutering a dog increase the risk of orthopedic disease?
For example, in this data set, neutering increases the risk of having at least one of the studied orthopedic diseases in several breeds: that risk increases five times in a Golden Retriever neutered before six months of age, and doubles if the dog is a Labrador Retriever.
Do dogs live longer if you don’t neuter them?
Your pet’s health and longevity. The average lifespan of spayed and neutered cats and dogs is demonstrably longer than the lifespan of those not.
How long do neutered dogs live longer?
Typically, dogs who are not fixed live to be about 8 years of age, where fixed dogs average about nine and a half years. There is a bit more to this though. Dogs who are fixed are more likely to die from different forms of cancer, while unfixed dogs are more likely to die from infection or trauma.
What is the downside of neutering a male dog?
Studies have reported higher risks for developing reproductive, urinary, metabolic, and musculoskeletal disorders in neutered dogs. Additionally, some studies suggest increases in stress, fear, anxiety, and even certain types of aggression following neutering.Apr 6, 2025
What can shorten a dog’s lifespan?
Some health issues, such as cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and obesity, can shorten your dog’s life. Some of these issues can be prevented or managed with proper care, such as regular check-ups, proactive preventative health measures, and a good diet.