Have you seen chained dogs in your neighborhood and wondered what to do? Here are some common questions about chaining and tethering, and how you can help.
Ever wondered if that neighbor who keeps their dog chained up all day is breaking the law? Or maybe you’re a dog owner yourself and want to make sure you’re doing right by your furry friend. The answer isn’t as straightforward as you might think – tethering laws vary widely across the United States, and what’s perfectly legal in one place might get you a hefty fine just a few miles away.
What Exactly is Dog Tethering?
Let’s start with the basics. Tethering (also called chaining) simply means securing a dog to a stationary object using a rope, chain, or line. While it sounds simple enough, the practice has become increasingly regulated as awareness about animal welfare has grown.
As of 2025, 23 states and the District of Columbia have laws that specifically address dog tethering Even in states without explicit tethering laws, the practice might still be regulated under broader animal cruelty statutes
Common Restrictions on Tethering Dogs
Most tethering laws focus on these key areas
Duration Limits
This is probably the most common restriction. States set different maximum time limits for how long a dog can be tethered within a 24-hour period:
- Massachusetts: No more than 5 hours
- Oregon: No more than 10 hours
- Nevada: No more than 14 hours
Some places even prohibit tethering during specific hours, like Massachusetts which bans tethering from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m.
Weather Conditions
Many laws forbid tethering during extreme weather, For example
- Pennsylvania makes it a presumption of neglect if a dog is tethered for longer than 30 minutes in temperatures above 90°F or below 32°F
- Connecticut and Massachusetts limit tethering to just 15 minutes during weather advisories or extreme conditions
- Louisiana prohibits tethering that exposes dogs to extreme weather in designated emergency areas
Access to Necessities
Almost all tethering laws require that the dog must have access to:
- Clean water
- Adequate shelter
- Food
- Protection from the elements
Equipment Standards
Laws often specify what type of tethering equipment is allowed:
- Length requirements: Many states require tethers to be at least 10 feet long or three times the length of the dog
- Collar types: States like Hawaii and Rhode Island ban the use of choke, pinch, or prong collars for tethering
- Weight restrictions: Rhode Island requires that the tether weigh no more than 1/8 of the dog’s body weight
When Tethering Becomes Animal Cruelty
While violating a tethering ordinance is usually a specific offense, the situation can escalate to animal cruelty under certain conditions. Tethering becomes animal cruelty when it directly causes:
- Suffering
- Injury
- Endangerment to the animal’s life
For instance, if a collar becomes embedded in a dog’s neck from continuous tethering, or if a dog suffers from starvation, dehydration, or exposure because the tether prevented access to necessities, these would likely be prosecuted as animal cruelty rather than simple tethering violations.
Some states like Indiana define “neglect” as restraining an animal for more than a brief period in a manner that endangers its life or health. West Virginia and D.C. include “cruelly chains” in their animal cruelty laws.
State-by-State Breakdown of Tethering Laws
Let’s look at some specific state laws to give you a better idea of the variations:
California
California prohibits tethering a dog to any stationary object. However, temporary tethering is allowed “for as long as necessary for the person to complete a temporary task.” Violations can result in infractions or misdemeanors.
Connecticut
Connecticut law prohibits tethers that don’t allow dogs to walk at least eight feet in any direction. Tethers must have swivels on both ends to prevent tangling, and they can’t use choke collars or contain metal links thicker than 1/4 inch. During weather advisories, tethering is limited to 15 minutes.
Massachusetts
Massachusetts has some of the strictest tethering laws. Dogs can’t be tethered for more than 5 hours in a 24-hour period or between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. During extreme weather, tethering is limited to just 15 minutes. The state also regulates trolley systems, requiring them to be at least 10 feet long and 4-7 feet above ground level.
Texas
Texas requires that tethered dogs have access to adequate shelter, an area free of standing water and excessive waste, shade, and potable water. Chains are prohibited, as are tethers shorter than 10 feet or five times the length of the dog.
Penalties for Unlawful Tethering
Penalties vary widely by jurisdiction but generally follow this pattern:
First Offense
- Warning or citation
- Fines typically ranging from $50 to $250
- Usually treated as an infraction or low-level misdemeanor
Repeat Offenses
- Higher fines (up to $1,000 per animal)
- Possible jail time (up to six months in some places)
- Misdemeanor charges
- Potential seizure of the dog
For example, in Massachusetts:
- First offense: Written warning or $50 fine
- Second offense: Up to $200 fine
- Third offense: Up to $500 fine and possible impoundment of the dog
What About States Without Specific Tethering Laws?
Even in states without explicit tethering laws, general animal cruelty statutes might still apply if the tethering results in neglect or harm. Additionally, many cities and counties have implemented their own tethering regulations that may be stricter than state laws.
How to Report an Illegally Tethered Dog
If you see a dog being tethered in what you believe is an illegal or inhumane way, here’s what to do:
- Contact your local animal control or humane society first
- If you can’t reach them, call the non-emergency police number
- Provide the specific address and detailed description of the situation
- If possible and safe to do so, document with photos or videos (without trespassing)
- Be prepared to follow up
Best Practices for Dog Owners
Even if your state allows tethering, here are some guidelines to ensure your dog’s wellbeing:
- Use tethering as a temporary solution only, not a permanent living arrangement
- Make sure the tether is at least 10-15 feet long
- Use a properly fitted harness or buckle collar, never a choke or prong collar
- Ensure your dog has constant access to shelter, fresh water, and shade
- Check frequently for tangling or hazards
- Never tether during extreme weather conditions
- Provide daily exercise and socialization off the tether
The Bottom Line
The legality of keeping a dog tied up depends entirely on where you live and the specific circumstances. While some places permit limited tethering with proper conditions, the trend is definitely moving toward stricter regulations.
I always tell my friends that even if it’s technically legal in your area, keeping a dog permanently chained up is rarely in the animal’s best interest. Dogs are social creatures who need exercise, mental stimulation, and companionship. A chained dog often develops behavioral problems like aggression, anxiety, and excessive barking.
If you’re struggling with containing your dog, consider alternatives like:
- Properly fenced yards
- Supervised time outdoors
- Dog walkers or doggy daycare
- Training programs
Remember, the laws set minimum standards – being a responsible pet owner means going beyond the bare legal requirements to ensure your dog lives a happy, healthy life.
Have you encountered tethering issues in your neighborhood? Or do you have questions about the laws in your specific area? Drop a comment below!
What is meant by “chaining” or “tethering” dogs?
Generally speaking, the terms “chaining” and “tethering” refer to the practice of fastening a dog to a stationary object and leaving them unattended. The term “chaining” tends to refer to situations where thick, heavy chains are used. “Tethering” is more often referred to partial restraint on a rope, lighter chain or pulley, which is the more prevalent form of tethering. These terms are not meant to refer to an animal being walked on a leash or cases of supervised, temporary tethering while an owner is present.
Why is tethering bad for dogs?
Dogs are naturally social beings who need interaction with humans and/or other animals. Intensive confinement or long-term restraint can severely damage their physical and psychological well-being. An otherwise friendly and docile dog, when kept continuously chained or intensively confined in any way, becomes neurotic, unhappy, anxious and often aggressive.
It is common for continuously tethered dogs to endure physical ailments as a result of being continuously tethered. Their necks can become raw and sore, and their collars can painfully grow into their skin. They are vulnerable to insect bites and parasites and are at high risk of entanglement, strangulation and harassment or attacks by other dogs or people.
Tethered dogs may also suffer from irregular feedings, overturned water bowls, inadequate veterinary care and extreme temperatures. During snow storms, these dogs often have no access to shelter. During periods of extreme heat, they may not receive adequate water or protection from the sun. Owners who chain their dogs are less likely to clean the area of confinement, causing the dogs to eat and sleep in an area contaminated with urine and feces. Whats more, because their often neurotic behavior makes them difficult to approach, chained dogs are rarely given even minimal affection. Tethered dogs may become “part of the scenery” and can be easily ignored by their owners.
Pet Connection – Tie-outs are Illegal
FAQ
Is it legal to tether a dog outside?
The law defines what type of shelter a dog must have access to if left tethered alone outside, and it prohibits the use of certain kinds of restraints — including chains. RELATED: New state law defines what’s legal, what’s not when it comes to tethering dogs
Is it legal to restraining a dog outside?
The new law does provide exceptions, such as when camping or at recreational areas, or when a temporary restraint is being used. The law does not prohibit someone from walking a dog with a handheld leash. FOX 26 Reporter Randy Wallace has more on the legality of restraining dogs outdoors. (Note: This report is from November 3, 2021)
Can a dog be tied during a natural disaster?
Tethering in a manner that causes injury or even danger to the dog, including attacks by other animals, can be classified as cruel restraint under many state laws. Finally, in the wake of dogs being left tied during natural disasters, some states provide restrictions based on weather.
How many states have laws on Dog Tethering/chaining?
As of 2022, 23 states and the District of Columbia have laws on dog tethering/chaining. While the laws themselves vary from state to state, they do have several consistent features. Some state laws allow a dog to be tethered for a reasonable period of time.
Can a guard dog be tied to a fence?
It shall be unlawful for any person to tether , fasten, chain, tie, restrain, or cause a guard dog to be fastened, chained, tied, or restrained, to houses, trees, fences, garages or other stationary objects, by means of a rope, chain, strap, or other physical restraint method, for the purpose of confinement on real property.
What happens if a dog is tied up 24/7?
If there’s evidence the dog actually suffered, was without food or water or was injured while illegally tethered, the owners can face years in jail. A dog tied up 24/7 can suffer from the elements, become aggressive and antisocial, and pose a serious danger to children, friends or strangers if the dog escapes.
Is it okay to keep a dog tied up?
Keeping a dog chained up for extended periods is generally considered harmful for several reasons: Physical Health: Dogs need space to move around, exercise, and explore. Being chained can lead to physical health issues, such as muscle atrophy, joint problems, and obesity.
Are dogs allowed to be tied up?
Know the Law
SB 1578, otherwise known as the tethering law, makes it illegal to tether, fasten, chain, tie or restrain a dog to a doghouse, tree fence or any other stationary object for more than three hours in a 24-hour period.
How long can I keep my dog tied up?
Keep Tying Time Short
For most dogs, an hour should be the maximum time limit. Even shorter is better if possible. If you plan to tie your dog outside, aim for no more than 30 minutes. Don’t forget that a long tie-up session can lead to frustration, which isn’t good for your dog’s emotional state.
How many states ban chaining dogs?
Tethering or chaining a dog simply means that a person ties a dog with a rope, line, or chain to a stationary object. As of 2022, 23 states and the District of Columbia have laws on dog tethering/chaining. While the laws themselves vary from state to state, they do have several consistent features.