When a beloved pet is suddenly left without their human family, they experience a complex range of emotions that many dog owners rarely consider. As someone who’s volunteered at shelters for years, I’ve witnessed firsthand the heart-wrenching reality of abandoned dogs. Their eyes tell stories that words never could.
But what exactly goes through a dog’s mind when they’re abandoned? Do they understand what’s happening? Do they feel sadness, confusion, or betrayal? This article dives deep into the emotional world of abandoned dogs to help us better understand their experience.
The Emotional World of Dogs
Dogs are incredibly emotional creatures. They might not process feelings exactly as humans do, but research has shown they experience a wide spectrum of emotions including:
- Joy and excitement
- Fear and anxiety
- Sadness and grief
- Attachment and love
The bond between dogs and their owners is built on trust, interaction, and mutual affection. Dogs are pack animals by nature and view their human family as their pack. This means they look to their owners for protection, comfort, and guidance. When this bond is suddenly broken through abandonment, it can be devastating for them.
What Happens When a Dog Is Abandoned?
When a dog is abandoned, they typically go through several emotional phases:
1. Confusion and Disorientation
The initial reaction is usually confusion. Dogs thrive on routine and predictability, and sudden abandonment shatters their sense of normalcy. They might not understand why their familiar environment and beloved humans are suddenly gone.
A dog left at a shelter or tied to a post might frantically look around searching for their owner. They don’t understand the concept of permanent abandonment – they simply know something is terribly wrong.
2. Anxiety and Panic
As time passes without their owner returning, many dogs enter a state of anxiety and panic. Their stress hormones, particularly cortisol, increase dramatically, which can manifest in various physical and behavioral symptoms:
- Pacing or restlessness
- Excessive barking or whining
- Destructive behavior
- Loss of appetite
- Digestive issues
- Sleep disturbances
- Excessive drooling or panting
3. Depression and Withdrawal
After the initial panic subsides, many abandoned dogs slip into a state similar to depression. They may:
- Become lethargic and unresponsive
- Lose interest in activities they once enjoyed
- Sleep excessively
- Stop eating regularly
- Show reduced interest in social interaction
- Exhibit a hunched posture with their tail down
One shelter worker I know described a German Shepherd who refused to eat for days after being abandoned. The dog would just lie in the corner of his kennel, barely acknowledging anyone who approached. This kind of profound emotional response is heartbreakingly common.
The Science Behind Dogs’ Emotional Response to Abandonment
Dogs’ emotional responses to abandonment aren’t just anecdotal – they’re backed by science. When a dog experiences abandonment, their brain releases stress hormones like cortisol, contributing to feelings of anxiety and distress.
Research on attachment theory originally developed for humans has been applied to dogs as well. Studies show that dogs can form secure or insecure attachments to their owners, depending on the quality of care they receive. A securely attached dog feels safe and valued, making separation even more traumatic.
Brain scans have revealed that dogs process emotions in a brain region similar to humans. When they see their owners, the “reward center” in their brains lights up in a way comparable to human responses to loved ones.
Signs That a Dog Is Feeling Abandoned
Whether a dog has been literally abandoned or is experiencing feelings of abandonment due to rehoming, certain signs indicate they’re struggling emotionally:
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Changes in body language:
- Tail tucked between legs
- Ears flat against the head
- Avoiding eye contact
- Cowering or hunched posture
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Behavioral changes:
- Increased vigilance or watchfulness
- Destructive behavior or accidents in the house
- Escape attempts
- Excessive vocalization like whining or barking
- Clinginess or, conversely, withdrawal
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Physical symptoms:
- Changes in appetite
- Weight loss
- Digestive issues
- Excessive shedding
- Self-soothing behaviors like excessive licking
Long-Term Effects of Abandonment on Dogs
The emotional scars of abandonment can last long after a dog has been rescued and rehomed. Some dogs develop long-term behavioral issues including:
- Separation anxiety
- Fear of strangers or new environments
- Resource guarding
- Difficulty bonding with new owners
- Generalized anxiety
- Trust issues
These behaviors aren’t signs of a “bad dog” – they’re trauma responses. Just like humans who’ve experienced abandonment may struggle with trust issues, dogs carry their emotional wounds too.
Can Dogs Adjust After Abandonment?
The good news is that many abandoned dogs can heal and form new, healthy bonds with adoptive families. Dogs are incredibly resilient creatures, and with patience, consistent care, and love, they can learn to trust again.
The adjustment period varies widely depending on the individual dog, their history, and the quality of care they receive in their new home. Some dogs may adjust within weeks, while others might need months or even years to fully recover from their trauma.
Helping an Abandoned Dog Heal
If you’ve adopted a dog with a history of abandonment, here are some ways to help them heal:
Create Stability and Routine
Dogs thrive on predictability. Establishing consistent routines for feeding, walks, playtime, and sleep helps them feel secure in their environment.
Build Trust Gradually
Don’t force interaction or affection. Allow the dog to approach you on their terms. Use positive reinforcement training methods that build trust rather than fear.
Provide a Safe Space
Every dog should have a designated safe area where they can retreat when feeling overwhelmed. This might be a crate with comfortable bedding or a quiet corner with their bed.
Be Patient with Behavioral Issues
Understand that behaviors like clinginess, resource guarding, or fear reactions stem from trauma. Work with a professional trainer who specializes in rescue dogs if needed.
Maintain Calm Energy
Dogs are extremely sensitive to human emotions. Maintaining a calm, positive demeanor helps reassure an anxious dog that they’re safe.
Consider Professional Help
Some dogs benefit from working with animal behaviorists or trainers who specialize in trauma. In severe cases, veterinarians might recommend anxiety medication to help the healing process.
Preventing Abandonment: Making Responsible Choices
The best way to address the emotional trauma of abandonment is to prevent it in the first place. Here are some responsible approaches:
Think Long-Term Before Adopting
A dog is a 10-15 year commitment. Before adopting, honestly evaluate whether your lifestyle, finances, and housing situation can accommodate a dog for their entire life.
Research Breeds and Individual Dogs
Different breeds have different needs for exercise, grooming, and mental stimulation. Choose a dog whose needs match your lifestyle.
Prepare for Life Changes
Consider how you’ll care for your dog through major life changes such as moving, having children, or changing jobs.
If Rehoming Is Necessary
Sometimes, despite best intentions, rehoming becomes necessary. In these cases:
- Work with reputable rescue organizations rather than abandoning your dog
- Provide detailed information about your dog’s personality, habits, and needs
- If possible, transition gradually to reduce trauma
- Choose a new home carefully to ensure it’s a good match
Dogs absolutely feel abandoned when their owners leave them behind. The emotional impact can be profound and long-lasting, causing significant distress and behavioral changes. But with proper care, patience, and love, abandoned dogs can heal and form new, loving bonds.
As responsible dog owners and animal lovers, we must recognize that dogs are emotional beings who form deep attachments to their humans. When we bring a dog into our lives, we’re making a commitment to their physical AND emotional wellbeing for their entire life.
If you’re considering adopting a dog with a history of abandonment, know that the journey may not always be easy – but helping a traumatized dog learn to trust and love again is one of the most rewarding experiences a dog lover can have.
I’ve seen it happen countless times in my years working with rescue dogs. That moment when a formerly abandoned dog finally realizes they’re home for good – when they truly trust that you won’t leave them – is absolutely priceless.
Have you ever adopted a dog with a history of abandonment? What was your experience like? I’d love to hear your stories in the comments below!
Do dogs feel abandoned when rehomed?
FAQ
What happens to dogs that are abandoned?
The fate of abandoned pets is almost always tragic. While some pets are picked up by animal shelters, the authorities or taken in by people who find them, many are not so lucky, and they must live on the streets in constant fear forced to take care of themselves.
Do dogs feel abandoned when they are rehomed?
Do dogs feel abandoned when boarded?
Is abandoning a dog cruel?
Abandoning a dog, on the other hand, is not only morally wrong but can also have legal consequences due to animal cruelty and neglect laws.